A Comparison of God and Satan in Paradise Lost Essay -- comparison com

Comparison of God and Satan in Paradise Lost      Ã‚   In this essay I shall be focusing on the characters of G-d and Satan from 'Paradise Lost' by John Milton.   Within the essay I shall be attempting to elucidate on the themes of ambiguity of the two characters as well as the uncertainty of moral integrity of each, characterized by John's Milton's use of sentence structure, private thoughts and symbolism.    Foremost I would like to look at the way the way in which Milton characterizes the characters of Satan in particular.   Milton specifically presents different elements of Satan's character by his interaction with those around him. For example it may seem ultimately that Satan (even by his very name) is a creature of great evil.   However, Milton shows elements of self doubt and an almost pitiful nature, forming a contradiction of the stereotypical image of what Satan represents.:    'Which way I fly is hell: My self am hell'    The repetition of the word 'hell' exaggerates a sense of futility now that he has come to Earth for the first time.   The questioning tone implied by the use of the word 'which' further empathises this.   The reader no longer needs to label the morality of such a character; Satan defines himself with the use of the pronoun 'my' and the preceding definition and assessment that 'My self am hell'.   Furthermore through Satan's own assessment the distancing technique by the word 'my' appears to exaggerate the notion of the definition of himself, the natural pause due to the unusual syntax further accentuates this.  Ã‚   The use of Milton's alliteration in 'Racked with deep despair' when describing Satan's countenance only empathises this pitiful nature.    However this sense of self dou... ...ng that G-d deliberately leads Satan into greater evil.    From the outset it appears that G-d and Satan remain in opposition together, an important characterisation of Milton.   'Paradise Lost' states that Satan was acting;    'Against the throne and monarchy of G-d.'    Weston continues this theme by saying that:    'In a fundamental sense, then, the 'hell' of human struggle can be said to have produced the 'heaven' of peace and harmony.'    In other words without the intensity of one character, in 'Paradise Lost' we would be without the other.      Works Cited and Consulted: Bush, D. 'John Milton'  Ã‚   Weidenfeld & Nicolson,   Ã‚  London, 1964. Empson, W. 'Milton's G-d'  Ã‚   Penguin, London, 1973. Milton, J. 'Paradise Lost'  Ã‚   Penguin, London, 1955. Weston, P. 'Paradise Lost- A Critical Study, Penguin   Middlesex, 1984.

Feminist Contributions Essay

Feminism is a conflict theory which views society as male dominated and it seeks to describe, explain and change the position of women in society. Feminism is therefore a theory of women’s subordination and also a political movement. There are different types of feminism, which I will be evaluating in this essay; Liberal, Radical, Marxist, Black and Postmodernist feminist. Feminists criticise mainstream sociology for being ‘malestream’. By contrast, feminists examine society from the viewpoint of women an see their work as part of the struggle against women’s subordination. However, although all feminists oppose women’s subordination, there are disagreements among feminist’s theories about its causes and how to overcome them. Liberal feminists are concerned with the human and civil rights and freedoms of the individual, they believe that all human beings should have equal rights. In liberal feminism, the concept of society changing itself to adapt to women does not occur. Liberal feminists insist that all that is needed to change the status of women is to change existing laws that are unfavorable for women and that this will open up more opportunities for women to prove themselves as equal to the opposite sex, this is referred to as reformism. In addition, liberal feminists reject the idea that biological differences make women less competent or rational than me, nor are men biologically less emotional or nurturing than women are. Liberal feminist Oakley, distinguishes between sex and gender. She claims sex differences are seen as fixed, whereas gender differences vary between cultures and over time. Therefore what is considered a proper role for women in one society or at a specific time may be disapproved of or forbidden in another. According to liberal theorists, sexist attitudes and stereotypical beliefs about gender are culturally constructed and transmitted through socialisation. However, liberal feminism can be seen as a critique of the functionalist view of gender roles. For example, Parsons distinguishes between instrumental and expressive roles. In his view, instrumentals roles such as paid work are taken on by males, while expressive roles such as unpaid domestic labour and childbearing are taken on by females. On the other hand liberal feminism challenges this view. It argues that men and women are equally capable of  performing each roles. Radical feminists emerged in the early 1970s and its key concept is patriarchy. Radical feminists have three key arguments; patriarchy is universal as male domination of women is evident in all societies. Firestone argues that the origins of patriarchy lie in women’s biological capacity to bear and care for infants, as a result of this women become dependent on men. The second argument is that patriarchy is the primary and most fundamental form of social inequality and conflict. Thirdly, all men oppress women and all men benefit from patriarchy. Particularly from women’s unpaid domestic labour and from their sexual services. For radical feminists, patriarchal oppression occurs in the public sphere of work and politics and also in the private sphere of the family. According to radical feminists, patriarchal power is expressed through sexual or physical violence or the threat of it. As Brownmiller notes, fear of rape is a powerful deterrent against women going out alone at night. Likewise Rich argues that men force women into a narrow and unsatisfying ‘compulsory heterosexuality’, which becomes the only socially acceptable form of sexuality. Radical feminists believe that if women are to be free, personal and sexual relations must be transformed. They have suggested three strategies to achieve this. Firstly separatism, which is when women live apart from men and create a new culture of female independence. Feminist Greer argues for the creation of all-female or ‘matrilocal’ households as an alternative to the heterosexual family. The second strategy is consciousness raising, through sharing their experiences in women-only consciousness-raising groups, women come to see that other women face the same problems. The third strategy is political lesbianism; many radical feminists argue that heterosexual relationships are inevitably oppressive because they involve ‘sleeping with the enemy’ and that lesbianism is the only non-oppressive form of sexuality. Marxists have a key criticism of radical feminists. They argue that class is the primary form of inequality and that capitalism is the main cause and beneificiary of women’s oppression, not men. Another criticism comes from Anna Pollert, who argues that the concept of patriarchy is of little value in explaining women’s position because it involves a circular argument. In contrast, Marxist feminists dismiss liberal feminists’ view that women’s subordination is merely the product of stereotyping or outdate attitudes. Likewise they  also reject the radical feminist view that it is the result of patriarchal oppression by men. Marxists see women’s subordination as rooted in capitalism. This results from their primary role as unpaid homemakers, which presents them in dependent economic positions in the family. Their subordination performs four important functions of capitalism; women are a source of cheap, exploitable labour. As they are viewed as financially dependent on their male partners, they can be paid less by employers. Women are a reserve army of labour, that can be moved into the labour force during economic booms and out again at times of recession. Women produce the labour force through their unpaid domestic labour, by nurturing and socialising children to become the next generation of workers by maintaining and servicing the current generation of workers. Thirdly, women absorb anger that would otherwise be directed at capitalism. Ansley describes wives as ‘takers of shitâ €™ who soak up the frustration of their husbands, this explains male domestic violence against women.

It Is Points to Deny the Logical Necessity of the Existence of God.

â€Å"It is pointless to deny the logical necessity of the existence of God. † First of all, we must ask: is the existence of God an analytic statement, or is it synthetic. An analytic statement is one which is impossible to think of as false. For example, a triangle having three internal angles which total 180 degrees is an analytic statement because it it impossible to think of a triangle in any other way. This therefore means that the proposition is logically necessary and it would be incoherent to be considered to be false. However, a synthetic statement is one in which the statements truth or falsity depends on evidence which must be collected. Therefore, to determine whether or not it is pointless to deny the logical necessity of the existence of God the form of the statement must be assessed. In his Ontological argument Anselm uses the idea that God is the greatest possible being which can be conceived (thought of), and must exist in reality and in the mind, due to the fact that something what exists in reality and the mind is greater than that which simply exists in the mind alone. In Anselm's second argument a conclusion is drawn, which states that God has to exist and cannot fail to exist. In philosophical terms this refers to necessary existence. God is not a contingent being, due to the fact that God exists by necessity. According to Anselm, God simply must exist, and this should not be denied. Anselm also claims that is it part of God’s nature that God exists, and this suggests the idea that a predicate of God is God’s existence. An argument which defends the existence of God as an analytic proposition is Descartes’ response to the criticism of his argument. Descartes uses the triangle as an example. The nature of a triangle is that it has three sides, and three interior angles totaling 180 degrees. This nature is immutable, meaning that it is incapable of change and difference. Secondly, triangles are simply an example of ‘what you see is what you get’ meaning that even if no one had any knowledge of a triangle it would still exist in its current form. The key point in this concept is that, like a triangle, God also has an immutable nature. According to Descartes part of God’s nature is that it exists. Part of God’s essence is therefore existence, and from this Descartes states that God existing is as fundamental to the nature of God as the interior angles adding to 180 degrees are an essential part of what a triangle is. Descartes goes of to give two reasons as to why we should believe that God exists. The first is the idea that if you study the idea of God carefully enough is clear that the perfection of existence is part of the way of God. Secondly is the idea that even though you can claim to happily think of mountains and valleys, it does not mean that they exist, whereas Descartes insists that existence is a perfection, and hence God being perfect must exist. When an atheist denies the existence of God, logic will often be uses as his means of reasoning and arguing his point. It is possible to state that logic so clearly demonstrates the existence of God, as a source of beginning and creation, but the matter of fact is that the Atheist has no reason to use logic at all, let alone deny the existence of God at all. As humans we understand that logic is valid, due to the fact that we must use it constantly; and we also know that logic cannot prove itself to be valid. There can be no logical answer other than to say that logic demands the existence of God. Logic presupposes Gods existence, and in this respect by denying God, you are simply denying logic. This therefore means that atheists are stalled. If he admits to the existence of logic, he must admit and understand the existence of God, yet if he denies God he must demonstrate how logic is valid. This is something which cannot be done. Logic demands the existence of God. Logic, therefore, proves the existence of God. However, Immanuel Kant argues that existence is not a predicate. Philosophers try to explain this as Kant saying that existence is part of the concept of God (an analytic statement) but it does not prove that God exists in reality. For Kant, all philosophical statements or propositions regarding existence or actuality or synthetics, and need to be proven or verified as true or false. For Kant, as well as many others, God’s existence (like any other things existence, is synthetic and must be proven in order to be understood and believed. However, Descartes, in reply to Gassendi stated that ‘the relation between existence and essence is manifestly quite different in the case of God from what is it in the case of a triangle. ’ In other words, Descartes is attempting to state that God is a different form of being/ thing than a triangle, and it is the essence of God to exist.

SHALL WE OR SHALL WE NOT HIRE POLICE OFFICERS BASED ON GENDE essays

SHALL WE OR SHALL WE NOT HIRE POLICE OFFICERS BASED ON GENDE essays SHALL WE OR SHALL WE NOT HIRE POLICE OFFICERS BASED ON GENDER OR MINORITY ISSUES? We should not hire people based on gender or minority issues because everybody has different skills and capabilities to perform specific tasks. If we talk about gender issues... well, women are very good in certain aspects, for example, organization and communication... when men have other traits, such as physical strength. If we talk about minority issues... well, people is different... there are many different cultures in the world. Its call diversity. So, if we hire diverse people, we have more probability to find a solution for an specific problem with specific people... For example: An east Indian has decided to kill himself by jumping from a building. The police arrives and surrounds the building. The guy is about to jump, while the cops yell at him orders... But the guy doesnt understand a word... he doesnt speak English very well. So, what to do? Just call the east Indian officer (which is woman, haha) and let her talk with him. She will probably save his life. That is another reason to hire women in the police department. Women tend to use dialogue most of the time to solve their conflicts. Men dont. Men are usually more aggressive, and tend to use their physical strength. So... it is better to have diverse people to develop different tasks. Depending on the situation. At the end I believe that the real question would be... should we hire police officers, or should we hire big guys? If we think about it, it doesnt matter how physically strong is a police officer when you have a problem like in the example. In that case what you need is a person that has good communication skills, that is intelligent, (and last but not least), that is bilingual. Variety is good. Joining different people with different capabilities will give us a stronger police department (or whatever is the case) as a re ...

Basic Directory Transversal essays

Basic Directory Transversal essays When digging into a system it is always smart to look for obvious lack of security instead of looking at holes within the security. In other words, if you want to poke around a system, look for the obvious, visible openings before engaging in actually attacking the security of the system. I look at this as being given access instead of gaining unauthorized access, which legally, is a big difference. Now I am not a lawyer, but these are two completely different things in my Basic directory transversal involves seeing what directories are publicly accessible without "breaking into" anything. More advanced forms of directory transversal involve using these basic principles to slide through security by using things like "/../" and hex codes to try and fool the software into allowing you access to directories that were not intended to be accessible. But lets stick to the basics for now. For example, depending on the type of web server running, you are probably familiar with the fact that there is a specific default directory structure that usually contains at least one subfolder called "images". No HTML is usually stored in this directory, but there are images there. If the privileges are not set up properly, you can browse to the images directory and see all of the files contains within. Take this one step further and see what other directories you can get into. You might find directories called "content", "templates", "members", or pretty much anything. Each one of these folder should be locked down to prevent unauthorized access. The sad reality is that they are not. During your normal browsing of a site, or your intentional targeting of a site, notice the directory structure of the site. Notice that you may suddenly jump two directories deep. You may click on a link from the main page to a page located at "../content/articles/page1.html". ...

An evaluation of the modernist art and educational art in the essay avant garde and kitsch by clement greenberg

An evaluation of the modernist art and educational art in the essay avant garde and kitsch by clement greenberg In his essay ‘Avant-garde and Kitsch’, Clement Greenberg claims that avant-garde or modernist art is a tool to prevent the ordinary culture caused by consumerism. Also with in his essay Kitsch gained popularity. The reason of he avant-garde’s arising is to defend aesthetic standards from the negative effects of consumer society over the artistic taste. He keeps avant-garde or art as more superior than kitsch. They are opposite sides according to Greenberg. He thinks that kitsch is much more like an Academic art. This gave a shape to the art and formed some rules to make the art something learnable. Many forms and ideas in contemporary poetry can be understood by analyzing this essay. For Clement, art includes two types: avant-garde and kitsch. Avant-garde takes the top position as a kind moving our society forward and it can be seen a genuine art. It focuses on the art itself and can make the common or minor, unimportant things a part of the art in artistic way. The avant-garde artists managing to do this, mostly are marginalized in modern world. However, even if kitsch has a characteristic of inauthenticity, modern society is more interested in kitsch. Also, kitsch can’t be behind its time. Art and life is connected with each other and this attracts people to kitsch. However, in other side this quality of kitsch can be seen problematic. Like avant-garde, it is not genuine. Kitsch doesn’t need the effort of readers or viewers while genuine art requires people to work hard and to be educated people to be able to acquire artistic ideas. The avant-garde is a product of Western bourgeois culture. It can be said that the capitalist and consumer society created avant-garde. It aimed to pursue art for its own sake but at the same time it couldn’t save itself from the money of bourgeois society. The avant-garde is both an academic and intellectual movement. Rather than being depended on history and tradition, it is about future and potential. Content is not significant, only the form of art itself is of importance. The avant-garde artist is not imitating or re-creating the world, but imitating and re-creating the form the art itself. The bacis principle in avant-garde is that instead of art that imitates life, art that imitates art. The avant-garde art requires a wealthy and educated audience. Kitsch is a product of the industrial revolution which urbanized the masses of Western Europe and America and established universal literacy. According to Greenberg, the kitsch arose to fill a demand for culture coming from the proletariat of industrial countries. It serves to lower class or middle class and that is it is easy to reach by everyone. It can be counted as a synthesis of culture and media. Kitsch is profitable, mechanical and has formulas. While avant-garde needs an educated class, kitsch doesn’t need such an audience to grasp the ideas. The avant garde imitates the process (and system) of art, and kitsch imitates its effect. Greenberg explains that socialism is the only movement that can support the avant- garde, or new culture. The avant-garde pushes its limits and so is producing new cultural value. Even kitsch is disposed to find new ideas in itself from time to time. While the avant-garde represents high culture, kitsch is the product of mass culture or popular culture and so it serves to common man. Some writers may look to do different things in terms of the structure of the work and the sequence of the sentences, while others working in poetry would create new forms and new ways of working. One of the key things about being avant-garde in literature is that it is all about breaking the existing rules about writing, and whether these are in poetry or in fictional writing, pushing the boundary and expressing themselves in a different way that doesnt conform to the existing rules is vital. The avant-garde has made writing an art form that is about more than just telling a story, but is actually about the form as much as the content. Although it can be an unique and individual way of expressing opinions and of working out new ideas, the changes in the format can also limit the audience for such work, and make it more difficult for people to access their work. James Joyce experimented with the medium of writing, and actually being successful in doing so, with landmark works such a s Ulysses he was a author of avant-garde. As well as Joyce, there are many poets who have also helped to push literature forward, and another of the biggest exponents of the avant-garde within literature is Jack Kerouac. With Allen Ginsberg, he brought many new dimensions to the literature. Their poems reflected unthought and unwritten issues not spoken until that day. If we give an example from world literature the most important example can be Franz Kafka. He chose to narrate the issues through different way of narration as in ‘Metamorphosis’ by using an insect character. The avant-garde painters tried new forms and things in their paintings like writers or poets. George Braque can be a good example. He is a French and develeops new art style, Cubism. With this new style he brings a new dimension to painting. As avant-garde requires, it needs a certain education or culture to grasp the ideas behind the products. In George Braque’s paintings, a common man can have difficulty in understanding art. George O’Keeffe is another important artist. She is an American artist. She is known as the mother of American modernism. Like many other avant-garde products, her art forces people to understand and needs some culture. As a conclusion, the avant-garde and kitsch are opposite sides and both have different audiences from each others. We mostly dealt with the avant-garde in this essay since it requires much more interest with its high-class culture. Kitsch is like a product of mass culture so many people find easy to deal with kitsch products. While kitch can’t go beyond the mediocrity, the avant-garde makes a breakthrough in art and literature. This basic difference between these two art forms create the different forms,audiences and cultures to understand them.

English composition 2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

English composition 2 - Research Paper Example And just like the physical world, online problems became present that the call to regulate the cyberspace mounted. Also the issue about the ethical use of the internet came into question. The digital personality which Netizens assumed in the cyberspace loosened up with their personality becoming invisible. And â€Å"the growing incidence of online fraud and identity theft, privacy incursions, copyright infringements, trademark violations, domain name disputes, spamming, computer viruses, inadequate or vaguely defined consumer protection laws, and terrorist-related and pornographic websites has fuelled such concerns† (David 2006). These issues necessitated internet governance to regulate the decentralized, scalable and even anarchaic nature of the cyberspace. Since the cyberspace’s geopolitical demarcation is virtually erased, the question of how to control and maintain a set of behaviors according to an acceptable standard became an imperative. But as how to do it still remains the questions; of whether a big government should intervene or the industry itself should regulate and police themselves. This brings to mind the geographic relativity of laws. For example, laws governing e-commerce and speech in the United States may differ or may not even exist say that of the Middle East country and vice versa that the enforcement of cyberspace regulation may prove to be a challenge if not impossible to implement. Such, many concerned parties proposed to adopt an intergovernmental regulation to create a cross-border harmonization of internet governance policy for greater efficacy. There is however other interest groups that espouse the idea of self-imposed regulation of cyberspace conduct. Among these is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) in the United States whose mandate is to develop a bottom-up consensus on the usage of the internet among the private sector. Though it differed in